Gwalior. Education Is The Criterion For Social Control, Personality Building And Social And Economic Progress In Any Nation Or Society. India's Present Education System Is Based On The British Model Which Was Implemented In 1835 AD. In View Of The Rapid Pace At Which India's Social, Political And Economic Landscape Is Changing, It Is Imperative That We Have A Thorough Overview Of The Background, Purpose, Challenges And Crisis Of The Country's Education System. In 1835 AD, When The Foundation Of The Present Education System Was Laid, Lord Macaulay Categorically Stated That The Objective Of English Education Is To Play The Role Of Middlemen For Administration In India And To Prepare Specific People Of India For Government Business.
As A Result, Even After A Century Of Use Of English Education, India's Literacy In 1935 AD Could Not Surpass Even Ten Per Cent Of The Figure. India's Literacy Was Only 13 Per Cent At The Time Of Independence. This Education System Played An Important Role In Keeping The Upper Classes Separate In The Rest Of The Society Of India. By The Twentieth Century In British Society, It Was Believed That Educating Working Class Children Meant Making Them Unfit For Their Work In Life. The British Education System Complied With The Same Policy For Children From Poor Families. The Analysis Of The Indian Education System For Nearly Two Hundred Years Can Conclude That This Education Was Devoid Of City And Upper Class Focused, Labour And Intellectual Functions. The Evils Were First Highlighted By Gandhiji At The Gujarat Education Society Conference In 1917 AD And Logically Placed The Place Of Mother Tongue In Education And The Hindi Side At The National Level. In The Days Of The Freedom Struggle, Priority Was Given To The Use Of Education In The Scholars Of Santiniketan, Kashi School, Etc. In 1944, The Education Law Was Passed In The Country. After Independence, Our Founding Fathers And Policy Regulators Acknowledged The Importance Of Education In The Areas Of Nation Building, Socio-Economic Development, Etc. This View Is Confirmed By The Radhakrishna Committee (1949), Kothari Education Commission (1966) And The New Education Policy (1986). Recognizing The Importance Of Education, The Indian Constitution Provided Reservation For Scheduled Castes And Tribes In Educational Institutions And Various Government Rituals Etc. Efforts Were Also Made To Bring The Backward Castes Under These Facilities. After Independence, Our Literacy Rate And The Number Of Educational Institutions Have Undoubtedly Increased, But Still More Than 40 Per Cent Of The Population Is Illiterate.
The Unfortunate Thing Is That After Independence, The Level Of Higher Education And Legal Education In Universities Has Increased, But The Basis Of Primary Education Has Weakened. The Goal Of Education Was Mechnical Human Resource Development, Which Continued To Flee More Than 40 Per Cent Of Students Passing Out Of Medical And Higher Institutions.
The New Face Of The Capitalist Economy, The Ideology Of Privatisation And Liberalisation, Has Also Seen Education As A 'Product' Which Is Bought And Sold In The Market. In Addition, In The Name Of Liberalisation, States Are Also Alienated From Their Obligations.
Thus, India's Current Education System Is Still Under A Cycle Of Crises Due To Lack Of Serious Analysis Of The Relationship, Curriculum And Fundamental Weaknesses Of The Present Education System From The Social Structure. Textbooks Are Changed Every Ten Years But The Basic Nature Of Education Needs To Be Changed And Made Employment Oriented.Our Current Education System Is Creating An Army Of Non-Technical Students Who Ultimately Become A Burden On Their Family And Society. Therefore, There Is An Absolute Need To Link Education With Nation Building And Character Building.
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